Saturday, November 7, 2009

THE POTTERIES OF SETO

I happened to find the following article quite by accident while doing research for several projects for our publishing company, Shisei-Dō Publications, here in Japan. The following article by Basil Hall Chamberlain[i] was part of his A Handbook for Travelers In Japan, (Also known as the Handbook to the Japanese Empire) first published in 1891 (this is from the 1894 revised editon) as part of the then extremely popular and famous travel guides published by John Murray[ii].
This brief article relates to the famous pottery region of central Honshū, which includes Mono, Tajimi, Ichinokura, and surrounding area, our home. Several references are made to places we noted in previous essays on this blog and we invite you to read them as well. For us it was fun to read about our area as recorded in the middle of the Meiji Era. We hope you will find this essay by Chamberalin both informative and entertaining.


ROUTE 31.

THE POTTERIES OF SETO.


The province of Owari of which Nagoya is the capital, and the adjacent province of Mino, have for many ages been flourishing centers of the porcelain industry, the most famous seat of which is at Seto, where Katō Shirozaemon, the first great master of Japanese ceramic art, set up his kiln about the year 1230 on his return from six years of diligent study in China. Thenceforth Seto became the headquarters of the manufacture of dainty little jars, ewers [pitchers], and other utensils for the tea ceremonies (cha-no-yu), so that the word seto-mono literally “Seto things,” has come to be employed in Japanese as a generic name for all pottery and porcelain, much as the word “china” is used in English. Seto has remained the chief porcelain manufactory of Japan. Many of the pieces now turned out – especially the monster blue-white vases – are intended only for the foreign market. This locality suffered terribly from the great earthquake of 1891; for though the houses remained standing, the kilns and entire stock were smashed.
Persons whose time is limited can witness the process of porcelain manufacture at Matsumora’s establishment in Nagoya. Those with a day to spare should visit Seto, 5 ½ ri (13 ¼ miles) from that city along a flat and excellent jinrikisha road.


Seto (no inns) is a general name for the four hamlets of Kita Shingai, Minami, Shingai, Gō, and Hora, situated on low hills that surround an almost circular valley. About eighty households are engaged in the manufacture of porcelain, and seventeen or eighteen in that of common pottery. The clay is found in the immediate neighborhood, the silica being brought from Sannagi in the northwest corner of Mikawa, about 3 ri distant. A large proportion of the common pottery that goes under the name of Seto ware comes from Akuzu, about 1 ri further up the valley to the east. The establishments best worth visiting are those of Katō Mokuzaemon, Katō Shigejū, and Katō Masukichi in Kita Shingai, and Katō Gosuke in Minami Shingai, the latter being noted for his translucent white ware, chiefly sake cups. The Tōki-kwan at Minami Shingai is a bazaar for all the wares of the neighborhood. There are numerous smaller houses, - indeed the villagers carry on no other trade. Katō Gosuke owns another and larger manufactory at Tajimi, a village about 2 ½ ri from Seto, not accessible by jinrikisha [rickshaw], here is produced the finest porcelain in Mino, with delicate decorations in pale blue, obtained from the native cobalt known under the name of konjō. A darker shade is derived from an impure cobalt imported from China, and called by the potters kyūgosu. Our word cobalt has been corrupted by them into koharu, and this term is employed to denote the pigment obtained from Europe.

In the near vicinity of Nagoya are various smaller villages devoted to the production of minor kinds of porcelain and pottery, such as the Ofuke-yaki, Yosamu-yaki, Fujimi-yaki, Toyoraku-yaki,, and Inugayama-yaki. Course earthenware is made at Taokonabe, 10 ri to the south of Nagoya, near Taketoyo.




NOTES



[i] While many companies have published wonderful travel guides to all places imaginable, the contribution of Murray’s, particularly to 19th century readers, was outstanding. The Murray family publishing dynasty was actually founded in 1768 by John Murray, a former officer in the Royal Marines, who never cold have imaged that six generations of his descendants (all named John Murray) would create one of the greatest of British publishing houses ever. The line of literary giants who passed through their doors and onto their presses included Jane Austen, Lord Byron, Walter Scott, Washington Irving, Charles Darwin, Herman Melville, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and on and on.
It was the third “John Murray” who launched the famous “Murray’s Handbooks” in 1836, the immensely popular series being the forerunner of the Lonely Planet” series of our time.
[ii] Basil Hall Chamberlain (October 18, 1850 – February 15, 1935) was a professor at Tokyo Imperial University and one of the foremost British Japanologists in Japan during the Meiji Era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, contemporaries of E.M. Sato, And W.G. Aston as well as a close personal friend and confident of Lafcadio Hearn. He also is noted for some of the earliest translations of haiku into English, although he is best remembered for is popular one-volume encyclopedia Things Japanese, first published in 1890.




Copyright 2009 by Hayato Tokugawa and Shisei-Do Publications.

Thursday, October 22, 2009

GETTING READY FOR THE YEAR OF THE TIGER



GETTING READY FOR THE YEAR OF THE TIGER


According to Japanese tradition, each year reflects the character of a diffent sign of the Chinese zodiac and with the coming new year (only two months away) in the village of Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi (Toki city) in the Mino district, production at the Hozan Gama or Hozan kiln is in full swing making ornaments for the coming Year of the Tiger (2010). This year they are using a different and quite unique method of producing over twenty different kinds of cute and exclusive ceramic tigers. The process involves making sheets of clay (just as one would roll out sheets of cookie dough for cutting). Then the sheets are folded in the same way as origami, placed in the kiln, dried, glazed, and “fired” again – totally different from typical ceramic processes.

According to the head of the ceramic factory, Ito Hitoshi (56) they have immediate plans to produce and ship over 6000 ceramic tigers by the middle of this month. “It is said that oriental zodiac items invite good luck and good fortune for the new year, and we are hoping 2010 is a happy and good year for Japan’s economy and its people and we will continue to create more tigers with this exact feeling in mind.”

Saturday, October 3, 2009

IT'S OTUKIMI! MOON VIEWING DAY IN GIFU!

IT'S OTUKIMI! MOON VIEWING DAY IN GIFU!


It's Otokimi or Moon Viewing Day in Gifu! Tonight everyone will be outside, looking up at the full moon to see the bunny making rice cakes in the moon.




Moon Viewing or Otukimi is done in a rather quiet manner. It's a custom introduced to Japan from China during the Nara and Heian Periods, (710 - 1185). Traditionally, susuki (pampas grass not a motorcycle) or other autumn flowres are decorated in a vace and dango (dumplings) and stoimo (taro potatoes) are offered to the moon on an alter. People look up at the moon, enjoying the beauty quetly. It is also a way of celebrating the autumn harvest.



Suzuki








Otukimi no Wagashi (Moon Viewing Cake



Ebi Senbei - rice cakes with a bit of shrimp! Oishii desu yo!

If you have the time, please go out for at least a few minutes tonight and enjoy nature and the view, even if you don't have all these great treats. See if you can see the bunny! Oh! That's for kids? Well, try to be a kid for just a few minutes - it's probably something we should do more of.







Thursday, July 2, 2009

WALKING AROUND ICHINOKURA-CHO I.

Ichinokura-cho, part of the larger Tajimi-shi (Tajimi City) is surrounded by hills and mountains, covered by trees that are green all year long. It is peaceful, quiet, with clean air, and crime is almost unheard of. It's a great place to just walk around and see what can be seen.

Much of the outlying areas of Ichinokura-cho are agricultural, with small family farms that produce wonderful fruits and vegetables as well as rice.

Everything is green here, all year long!

A small neighborhood.


A Japanese maple tree that wants to glow red all year long!

Here is another read maple, in front of an old and beautifully maintaned "samurai house". This particular house belongs to a local ceramic artist who is regarded as a "living national treasure". The house has a beautiful garden, much of which can be enjoyed from the street.


Part of another old "samurai-style" house.


One of Ichinokura-cho's narrow, extremely clean, quiet streets. There is hardly any traffic so it is a pleasure to take a walk and see what can be seen!

A small house/shop with a great potted plant garden in front!
Typical houses in a typical Ichinokura neighborhood.




A view of part of Ichinokura-cho, right after a gentle spring rain. Everything is peaceful and quiet and the air is so clean!


The "Bunny House". Each window in this neighborhood home as a plush, stuffed bunnie in it!
A typical street and homes, on a rainy spring morning.


Oribe Street - the main street through "Downtown Ichinokura" where you can find many interesting shops and ceramic art galleries.



Friday, June 12, 2009

MINO CERAMIC PARK, TAJIMI, GIFU PREFECTURE


MINO CERAMIC PARK, TAJIMI

Japan probably has the largest number of ceramic museums in the world. There are some incredibly fine museums dotted throughout the country both arge and small; some devoted toa single potter while other cover one particular style or region. There are also many museums that fall somewhere in between.

In 2002, a new ceramic museum opened in Tajimi as part of the larger Ceramic Park complex, just a short drive north from the JR Line's Tajimi Station, and just down the road from the Gifu Prefectural Ceramic Museum. In the Ceramic Park complex is the wonderful Museum of Modern Ceramic Art, hwich I recently visited. The museum building, designed by Arata Isozaki, compliments its natural surroundings and gives the visitor a feeling of being quite close to nature. focused on the theme of modern ceramic arts, the museum collects modern and contemporary ceramic works from within Japan and around the world. The museum's goal is to hold a variety of exhibitions and events in the future. In order to promote a new culture of ceramics, the museum also plans to collect and exhibit utilitarian ceramics, an area much overloked by other museums, as well as industrial ceramics from the area of modern design.


The museum is set on the side of a hill and is possibly one of the finest ceramic museums in the world with its natural lighting and large rooms intermixed with smaller galleries. the building is set in the side of a hill and is largely below ground. A lovely cascade of water flows outside and creates a delightful, refreshing and peaceful scene. Certainly it is a wonderful place just to sit and enjoy the surroundings and quite nice for a picnic as well.


Before one getts to see any of this however, one must take a walk through a long ceramic tunnel, the ceiling of which is covered with ceramic shards which look as if they might fall at anymoment; yet, it does not appeary shoddy in any way.


There are various levels (down) there is an excellent gift shoop, galleries, and classroom areas wehre visitors may take classes in the making of ceramic art.




The main entrance to the Ceramic Park complex from the highway.



The main parking lot and entrance to the complex.



The covered walkway/bridge to the main complex. Shards of ceramics line the ceiling.

The main entrance to the museum and gift shop.

An expensive uribe ash try. There are many of these spread throughout the complex.

Part of the lower waterfall and park area.


Covered walkway leading to the reflecting pond.
At the far side is a teahouse for tea ceremonies.

View of a corner of the reflecting pond from oneof the many covered walkways.

The central area of the complex and reflecting pond.

Waterfall made from ceramics tiles and pieces from the local artists.


Looking south over the waterfall.

The observation tower, high on the hill above the complex.

View from the obsrvation tower.



The teahouse on the east side of the complex.

INSIDE THE GALLERIES